Keragaan Mutan M3 Padi Beras Merah (G16) Hasil Iradiasi Sinar Gamma 200 Gy

Anak Agung Ketut Sudharmawan; I Gusti Putu Muliarta  Aryana; A. Farid  Hemon; Ni Wayan Sri Suliartini; Siti Raihanun

doi:10.29303/jstl.v10i2.653

Authors

Anak Agung Ketut Sudharmawan Program Studi Magister Pertanian Lahan Kering Pascasarjana, Universitas Mataram
I Gusti Putu Muliarta Aryana Program Studi Magister Pertanian Lahan Kering Pascasarjana, Universitas Mataram
A. Farid Hemon Program Studi Magister Pertanian Lahan Kering Pascasarjana, Universitas Mataram
Ni Wayan Sri Suliartini Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Mataram
Siti Raihanun Program Studi Magister Pertanian Lahan Kering Pascasarjana, Universitas Mataram

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29303/jstl.v10i2.653

Keywords:

G16, gamma ray irradiation, correlation, mutation, mutant (M3)

Abstract

This study aims to determine changes in yield and correlation between quantitative traits of mutant plants of the M3 generation of G16 brown rice irradiated with 200 Gy gamma rays. The research method used was an experimental method which was carried out with field experiments and took place in paddy fields in Tatar Hamlet, Nyurlembang Village, Narmada District, West Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara which was carried out from May to November 2022. The research was arranged using a Randomized Block Design (RAK) in a partitioned design. The treatment consisted of 33 genotypes resulting from gamma irradiation mutations and 3 comparators as test genotypes namely G16, Cigelis and Inpari 32. Each tester genotype was repeated 3 times, so that 42 experimental units were obtained. Observations were analyzed using analysis of variance and a 5% level of phenotypic correlation coefficient. Quantitative traits that show significant results were tested further using the Honest Significant Difference (BNJ) at the 5% level of significance. The results showed that 200 Gy of gamma irradiation did not change the yield of the M3 mutant strain. On the other hand, the criterion of the phenotypic correlation coefficient of the observed quantitative traits showed a significant difference with the results. Plant height and filled grain weight gave a very strong real correlation, while strong criteria were indicated by the longest panicle and number of filled grains, and panicle length and empty grain weight obtained a sufficiently significant correlation, and very weak criteria were obtained on flowering age, total tiller number, number of productive tillers, number of empty grain and 100 grain weight

References

Akbar, M.R., Purwoko, B.S., Dewi, I.S., Suwarno, W.B., Sugiyanta. 2019. Penentuan Indeks Seleksi untuk Galur Dihaploid Padi Sawah Tadah Hujan Berdaya Hasil Tinggi. Jurnal Agron Indonesia, 47 (2): 111-118.

Badan Pusat Statistik. 2022. Luas Panen, Produksi, dan Produktivitas Padi Menurut Provinsi 2020-2022: [https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/53/1498/1/luas-panen-produksi-dan-produktivitas-padi-menurut-provinsi.html] (Diakses Tanggal 15 Desember 2022).

Badan Pusat Statistik. 2022. Pada 2022, luas panen padi diperkirakan sebesar 10,61 juta hektare dengan produksi sekitar 55,67 juta ton GKG: [https://www.bps.go.id/pressrelease/2022/10/17/1910/ pada-2022--luas-panen-padi-diperkirakan-sebesar-10-61-juta-hektare-dengan-produksi-sekitar-55-67-juta-ton-gkg.html] (Diakses Tanggal 15 Desember 2022).

Budi, R.S., Suliansyah I., Yusniwati, Sobrizal. 2019. Perbaikan Genetik Padi Gogo Beras Merah Sumatera Utara melalui Pemuliaan Mutasi. Aplikasi Isotop dan Radiasi, 15 (1): 45-56.

Direktorat Jenderal Tanaman Pangan. 2020. Petunjuk Teknis Bantuan Pemerintah Program Peningkatan Produksi, Produktivitas dan Mutu Hasil Tanaman Pangan Tahun 2020, Jakarta: [https://tanamanpangan.pertanian.go.id/assets/front/uploads/document/B%2012%20Maret%202020_JUKLAK%20BANTUAN%20BENIH%202020.pdf] (Diakses tanggal 18 Desember 2022).

Kasim, N, R Sjahril, M Riadi, F Arbie. 2018. The Phenotype Performance of M3 Red Rice Mutant (Oryza sativa L.). IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1-7.

Kurniawati, S., Chaniago, I., Suliansyah, I. 2018. Seleksi Mutan Padi Beras Merah Lokal Sumatera Barat Genotipe Sigah Berdasarkan Karakter Tinggi Tanaman dan Jumlah Anakan. APISORA, 19-24.

Lisdyayanti, N.D., Anwar, S., Darmawati, A. 2019. Pengaruh Iradiasi Sinar Gamma terhadapInduksi Kalus dan Seleksi Tingkat Toleransi Padi (Oryza sativa L.) terhadap Cekaman Salinitas secara In-Vitro. Berkala Bioteknologi, 2 (2): 67-75.

Meilala, J.H.B., Basuki, N., Soegianto, A. 2016. Pengaruh Iradiasi Sinar Gamma terhadap Perubahan Fenotipik Tanaman Padi Gogo (Oryza sativa L.). Jurnal Produksi Tanaman, 4 (7): 585-594.

Pangerang, F. 2022. Karakteristik Beras Padi Lokal Kabupaten Bulungan. Perkumpulan Rumah Cemerlang Indonesia. Tasikmalaya.

Sadimantara, G.R., Nuraida, W., Suliartini, N.W.S., Muhidin. 2018. Evaluation of Some New Plant Type of Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Lines Derived from Cross Breeding for The Growth and Yield Characteristics. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 1-7.

Sjahril, R., Riadi, M., Rafiuddin, Sato, T., Toriyama, K., Trisnawaty, A.R. 2018. Effect of Heavy Ion Beam Irradiation on Germination of Local Toraja Rice Seed (M1-M2) Mutant Generation. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 1-5.

Sugiarto, R., Kristanto, B.A., Lukiwati, D.R. 2018. Respon Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Padi Beras Merah (Oryza nivara) terhadap Cekaman Kekeringan pada Fase Pertumbuhan Berbeda dan Pemupukan Nanosilika. Agrokompleks, 2 (2): 169-179.

Sudharmawan A A K., Widianti, M., Bahrun, A H. 2021. Expected genetic progress of F2 resulted from crossovers of paddy Situ Patenggang variety with IPB 3S variety. IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 681 012014

Suliartini, N.W.S., Aryana, I.G.P.M., Sudharmawan, A.A.K., Sudika, I.W. 2022. Kandidat Galur Unggul Mutan Padi G16 Hasil Induksi Mutasi dengan Sinar Gamma. Sains Teknologi & Lingkungan, 8 (1): 66-72.

Suliartini, N.W.S., Aryana, I.G.P.M., Sudharmawan, A.A.K. 2020. Radiosensitivity and Seedling Growth of Several Genotypes of Paddy Rice Mutants Irradiated with Gamma Rays at Different Doses. Internasional Ilmu Hortikultura, Pertanian dan Pangan (IJHAF), 4 (6): 242-247.

Syahril, M. 2018. Rancangan Bersekat (Augmented Design) untuk Penelitian Bidang Pemuliaan Tanaman. Agrosamudra, 5 (1): 63-66.

Tumanggor, G.E., Iswahyudi, Ainul, W. 2022. Pertumbuhan, Produksi dan Karakter Genetik Padi Kultivar Sileso Generasi M-2 Hasil Iradiasi Sinar Gamma. Agrosamudra, 9 (2): 31-40.

Ujianto, L., Aryana, M., Sudika, I.W., Sudharmawan, A.A.K. 2020. Teknik Analisis dan Rancangan Persilangan. Mataram University Press. Mataram.

Umam, R., Sudharmawan, A.A.K., Sumarjan. 2018. Tampilan Sifat Kuantitatif Beberapa Galur F7 Padi Beras Merah (Oryza Sativa L.) Hasil Silang Ganda Indica dengan Javanica. Crop Agro, 11 (1): 40-47.Wahdah, Raihani, Gusti Rumayadi, Rahmi Zulhidiani. (2015). Evaluasi Penampilan Galur Mutan Generasi M5 dan M6 Berbasis Iradiasi Padi Varietas Lokal Kalimantan Selatan. Prosiding Seminar Nasional FKPTPI, 218-228.

Wahdah, R., Rumayadi, G., Zulhidiani, R. 2015. Evaluasi Penampilan Galur Mutan Generasi M5 dan M6 Berbasis Iradiasi Padi Varietas Lokal Kalimantan Selatan. Prosiding Seminar Nasional FKPTPI. 218-228.

Yunus, S., Parjanto, Nandariyah, Wulandari, S. 2018. Performance of Mentik Wangi Rice (Oryzasativa, L.) M2 Generation from Gamma Ray Irradiation. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 1-8