Uji Daya Hasil, Komponen Hasil, dan Morfofisiologi Beberapa Genotipe Padi Beras Merah dengan Sistem Gogo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29303/jstl.v11i1.835Keywords:
Red Rice, Genotype, Upland, Yield, MorphophysiologyAbstract
This study aimed to determine the yield potential, yield components, and morphophysiology of several red rice genotypes under upland (gogo) cultivation system. The research was conducted from August to December 2024 in Wanasaba Village, East Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. A Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) was used with 12 genotypes as treatments, consisting of five lines: 19I-06-09-23-03 (G1), 21B-57-21-21-23 (G2), 23F-04-10-18-18 (G3), 23A-56-20-07-20 (G4), 23A-56-22-20-05 (G5), and 7 varieties: PBM UBB1 (G6), Danau Gaung (G7), Inpago 8 (G8), Inpago 12 (G9), Rindang (G10), Inpago Unram I (G11), and Beak Ganggas (G12), each replicated three times. The observed parameters including: relative leaf water content, chlorophyll content, number of days to flowering, number of days to harvesting, plant height, flag leaf length, total tiller number, productive tiller number, non-productive tiller number, panicle length, number of filled grains per panicle, number of unfilled grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight, weight of filled grains per clump, and yield per hectare. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at a 5% significance level. If significant differences were found, Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the 5% level was conducted. The results of this study showed that red rice grown under upland conditions exhibited diverse yield potentials, yield components, and morphophysiological characteristics, except for traits such as number of days to flowering, leaf chlorophyll content, relative leaf water content, number of non-productive tillers, and number of empty grains per panicle. The highest yields were obtained on genotypes G4 (line 23A-56-20-07-20), G12 (Beak Ganggas), and G10 (Rindang), with yields of 5,81, 5,78, and 5,61 ton/ha respectively. Genotypes G4 and R have early harvest age, relatively moderate plant height, moderate number of productive tillers, moderate panicles, large number of filled grains with high weight of filled grains, namely G4 (36,30 grams) and R (35,10 grams). While BG (Beak Ganggas) has long panicles, large number of filled grains with high weight of filled grains, namely G4 (3605 grams), although the number of productive tillers is small.References
Aryana, I., G., P., M., Sudharmawan A., A., K., dan Suliartini, N., W., S. 2019. Character Of Agronomic Paddy Field of Red Rice Lines Ideal Type. Prosiding Seminar Saintek.
Aryana, I. G. P. M., Santoso, B., B., Sudharmawan., A., A., K., & M. Sukri. 2019. Heritabilitas Galur Padi Beras Hitam (Oryza sativa L.) Hasil Seleksi Pedigree F1. Jurnal Sains Teknologi dan Lingkungan, 5(1): 25-31.
Aryana I.G.P.M., Sutresna, I., W., & Kisman. 2022. Uji Daya Hasil Galur Galur Padi Beras Merah Dan Hitam di Lahan Gogo Dataran Rendah. Di Dalam: Prosiding Saintek Lppm Universitas Mataram. Virtual Conference Via Zoom Meeting, 23-24 November. Hal. 246-253.
Bioversity International. 2007. Descriptors for Wild and Cultivated Rice (Oryza sativa L.). Bioversity International, Rome Italy; International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines; WARDA; Africa Rice Center, Cotonou, Benin.
BPPP. 2003. Panduan Sistem Karakterisasi dan Evaluasi Tanaman Padi. Departemen Pertanian. Bogor.
Badan Pusat Statistik. 2023. Luas Panen dan Produksi Padi di Indonesia 2019 (Angka Sementara) Diakses Pada Tanggal 20 Agustus 2024. Https://Www.Bps.Go.Id/Pressrelease/2023/10/16/2037/Luas-Panen-Dan-Produksi-Padi-Di-Indonesia-2023--Angka-Sementara-.Html
Badan Pusat Statistik. 2024. Luas Panen dan Produksi Padi di Indonesia 2023 (Angka Sementara) Diakses pada Tanggal 19 Mei 2025. https://www.bps.go.id/id/pressrelease/2024/03/01/2375/pada-2023--luas-panen-padi-mencapai-sekitar-10-21-juta-hektare-dengan-produksi-padi-sebesar-53-98-juta-ton-gabah-kering-giling--gkg-.html
Dahiri. 2021. Analisis Kritis Terhadap Implementasi Perlindungan Lahan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan. Jurnal Budget, 6(1):1-16.
Diptaningsari, D. 2013. Analisis Keragaman Karakter Agronomis Dan Stabilitas Galur Harapan Padi Gogo Turunan Padi Lokal Pulau Buru Hasil Kutur Antera. [Disertasi]. Bogor: Program Pascasarjana. Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Harmawati, W. O., & Sadimantara, I. G. R. 2023. Uji Potensi Hasil Galur Padi (Oryza sativa L.) Beras Merah Di Lahan Sawah. 77–88.
Hutomo, P., A., B., & Purwanto. 2023. Karakter Agronomi dan Fisiologi Tanaman Padi (Oryza Sativa L. Cv Inpari Unsoed 79 Agritan) yang Terinfeksi Xanthomonas Oryzae Pv. Oryzae dan Diinokulasi Rhizobacteria Indigenous Lahan Salin. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan, 23(1): 13-24.
Ismayanti, J., Suliartini, N., W., S., & Ujianto, L. 2024. Penampilan Hasil Beberapa Mutan Padi INPAGO UNRAM I dan Mutan G10 Generasi Keempat (M4). Jurnal Produksi Tanaman, 12(10): 439-447.
Karlinah, Mahmud, Y., Sumarna, P., Tohidin, & Laila, F. (2023). Keragaan Agronomi beberapa Varietas Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L.) pada Pola Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu (PTT). Jurnal Agro Wiralodra, 6(2): 53-60.
Kartina, N., Wibowo, B., P., Rumanti, I., A., & Satoto. 2017. Korelasi Hasil Gabah dan Komponen Hasil Padi Hibrida. Peneltian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan, 1(1):11-20.
Komnas Plasma Nutfah. 2003. Karakterisasi dan Evaluasi Tanaman Padi. Depatemen Pertanian. Jakarta.
Kuzmanović, L., Giovenali, G., Ruggeri, R., Rossini, F., & Ceoloni, C. 2021. Small “Nested” Introgressions from Wild Thinopyrum Species, Conferring Effective Resistance to Fusarium Diseases, Positively Impact Durum Wheat Yield Potential. Plants, 10(3), 1–16.
Maudina, N., E., Sunawan, & Lestari, M., W. (2021). Respon Beberapa Varietas Padi Ketan terhadap Cekaman Kekeringan. Jurnal AGRONISMA, 9(2): 154-167.
Melinda, B., W., P., Sudharmawan, A., A., K., & Sudika, I., W. 2020. Karakteristik Morfologi dan Keragaman Beberapa Galur M4 Padi Beras Merah G16 Hasil Iradiasi Sinar Gamma 200 Gy. Agroteksos, 30:(2).
Miranda, F., S., Jaenudin K., Lina B., dan Destieka, A., 2021. Genetic Diversity Estimation Based on Yield Components of Some Rice Lines (Oryza sativa L.). Jurnal Agroscript, 3(11): 1-10.
Mustikarini, E. D., Prayoga, G. I., & Aprilian, B. 2020. Seleksi Galur Generasi F4 Padi Beras Merah Tahan Rebah. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pertanian, 4(1): 1-9.
Nuralam, Kadekoh, I., Samudin S., & Yusron. 2020. Karakteristik Beberapa Kultivar Padi Gogo Lokal. AGROTEKBIS, 8(2): 417-425.
Novitasari, A., Rumanti, I. A., Hapsari, W., R., & Damanhuri. 2019. Keragaan Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Sepuluh Genotipe Tanaman Padi (Oryza Sativa L.). Jurnal Produksi Tanaman, 7(4), 569–576.
Sadimantara, G. R., Yusuf, D. N., Erawan, D., Ayu, G., Sutariati, K., Corina, T., & Nuraida, W. 2022. Budidaya Padi Beras Merah Skala Rumah Tangga Berbasis Usaha Pekarangan. 4(1), 61–66.
Saputra, J., Syahril, M., dan Murdhiani. 2021. Keragaan dan Keragaman Antar Populasi Padi Kultivar Sileso Generasi Mutan-1 Hasil Iradiasi Sinar Gamma pada Fase Vegetatif. AGROSAMUDRA, 8(1): 34-40.
Sari, M., F., Kartahaimaja, J., Budiarta, L., & Ahyuni, D. 2021. Pendugaan Keragaman Genetik Berdasarkan Komponen Hasil Pada Beberapa Galur Padi (Oryza sativa L.). AGROSCRIPT, 3(1):1-10.
Suliartini, N. W. S., Ashari, M., Ujianto, L., Aryana, I. G. P. M., & Sudika, I. W. 2023. Uji Potensi Hasil Beberapa Mutan Padi Beras Hitam Generasi Ketiga (M3) Hasil Induksi Mutasi. Jurnal Sains Teknologi & Lingkungan, 9(3): 413–421.
Suprayogi, S., Praptiwi, M. A., Iqbal, A., & Agustono, T. J. 2021. Keragaan Agronomik Populasi F4 Hasil Persilangan Padi IR 36 dengan Padi Merah PWR. Vegetalika, 10(2): 81.
Tajudin, A., & Sungkawa, S. 2020. Respon Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Padi (Oryza sativa L.) Varietas Inpari 42, Ciherang dan Mekongga terhadap Berbagai Metode Tanam Jajar Legowo. Jurnal AGROSWAGATI, 8(2), 43.
Utama, D. A., Sudharmawan, D., & Suliartini, N., W., S. 2023. Keragaan Genotipe Mutan Baas Selem Generasi Kedua (M2) Hasil Iradiasi Sinar Gamma. Agroteksos, 33(2).
Vela, R., Ifdatin, S., & Turnip, M. 2022. Keragaman Karakter Morfologi Padi Gogo Dan Sawah Lokal Di Kecamantan Sengah Temila Kabupaten Landak. Protabiont, 11(1): 24-30.
Widyaningtias, L. A. M., Yudono, P., & Supriyanta, S. 2020. Identifikasi Karakter Morfologi dan Agronomi Penentu Kehampaan Malai Padi (Oryza sativa L.). Vegetalika, 9(2), 399.
Yuliantika, D., Sudharmawan, A. A. K., & I Wayan Sudika. 2023. Peningkatan Karakter Kuantitatif Padi Beras Merah (Oryza sativa L.) Genotipe G16 Hasil Induksi Mutasi dengan Iradiasi Sinar Gamma 200 Gy. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Agrokomplek, 2(2): 228–235.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.