Parameter Genetik Beberapa Karakter Kuantitatif Galur S3 Tanaman Jagung di Lahan Kering

I Wayan Sudika; I Wayan  Sutresna; Dwi Ratna  Anugrahwati

doi:10.29303/jstl.v11i1.859

Authors

I Wayan Sudika GS: Ctg3PjkAAAAJ Universitas Mataram
I Wayan Sutresna Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Mataram
Dwi Ratna Anugrahwati Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Mataram

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29303/jstl.v11i1.859

Keywords:

genetic diversity, genotypic correlation, heritability, leaf angle and yield

Abstract

This research aims to determine genetic diversity, broad heritability and genotypic correlation of several quantitative characters of the S3 line of corn plants in dry land. Treatment of 30 S3 lines, arranged in a randomized block design, two replications. The characters observed included the variables of flowering, growth, yield components, yield and maturity. The observation data were analyzed using analysis of variance at 5 percent significant level, then genetic variance, phenotypic variance, heritability and genetic diversity coefficient were calculated. Genotypic correlation analysis was also carried out in this study. The results show that ASI and yield have wide genetic diversity; while cobs dry weight per plant is classified as medium and other characteristics are classified as narrow. Heritability in a broad sense is relatively high, obtained at silking time, harvesting time and yield. Eight other characters have moderate heritability and the rest have narrow heritability. A high negative genotypic correlation with leaf angle was obtained for leaf area; while the other four characters have a low negative correlation. Harvesting time had a low positive correlation with flowering variables; other characters are not correlated. Yield was highly positively correlated with plant height; while cob length, cob diameter and cob weight were moderately positively correlated. Plants selected for selfing in the next generation are taller plants, with more leaves and earlier silking time.

Author Biography

I Wayan Sudika, GS: Ctg3PjkAAAAJ Universitas Mataram

GS: Ctg3PjkAAAAJFakultas PertanianUniversitas Mataram

References

Aci, M.M., Lupini, A., Mauceri, A., Morsli, A., Khelifi, L., Sunseri, F. 2018. Genetic variation and structure of maize populations from Saoura and Gourara oasis in Algerian Sahara. BMC Genetics Vol.19 (1):51-59. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12863-018-0655-2.

Adeputri, A. A., Sudika, I W. Yakop, U. M. 2022. Kajian Komponen Ragam Genetik pada Populasi F2 Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) di Lahan Kering. Jurnal Agrokompleks. 2(1): 137-142. https://doi.org/10.29303/jima.v2i1.2137

Adhikari, B.N., Shrestha, J, Dhakal, B, Joshi, B.P, Bhatta N.R. 2018. Agronomic performance and genotypic diversity for morphological traits among early maize genotypes. Intl J Appl Biol 2 (2): 33-43. DOI: 10.20956/ijab.v2i2.5633.

Azrai, M., Efendi, R., Suwarti, Praptana, R.H. 2016. Genetic diversity and agronomic performance of top cross maize hybrid under drought stress. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan 35 (3): 199-208. https://doi.org/10.21082/jpptp.v35n3.2016.p199-208.

Bartaula, S., Panthi, U., Timilsena, K., Acharya, S.S., Shrestha, J. 2019. Variability, heritability, and genetic advance of maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes. Res Agric Livest Fish 6 (2): 163-169. DOI:10.3329/ralf. v6i2.42962.

Basuki, N. 2005. Genetika Kuantitatif. Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. Diakses dari: http://kin.perpusnas.go.id/DisplayData.aspx?pId=444&pRegionCode= UN11MAR&pClientId=112.

Chandana, A. S., Joel, A. J., Ravikesavan, R., Uma, D. 2018. Genetic variability and correlation studies of yield and phytic acid in F 2 populations of maize (Zea mays L.). Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 9(4), 1469. https://doi.org/10.5958/0975-928X.2018.00182.5.

Chang, Y., Xu, C., Yang, H., Zhou, J., Hua, W., Zhang, S., Zhong, Q., Li, B. 2021. Leaf Structural Traits Vary with Plant Size in Even-Aged Stands of Sapindus mukorossi. Frontiers in Plant Science, 12, 692484. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.692484.

Cantika, D., Sugiharto, A.N. 2022) Keragaan Beberapa Galur Jagung Ketan (Zea mays L. var. certain Kulesh) Pada Selfing Kedua (S2). JurnalProduksiTanaman Vol. 10 (8): 458-464. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.protan.2022.010.08.08.

Dar, Z.A., Aijaz, A.A., Gowhar, Ali, Iqbal, A.M., Asima, G. 2015. Variability students in extra early maturing maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids under temperate conditions. Environ Ecol 33(4A): 1713-1715. https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/pdf/10.5555/20153403211.

Golla, B., Tadesse, B., Chalsisa, D., Bayisa, E. 2018. Effect of sowing time and environmental variation on yield of differnt maize varieties. Open J Plant Sci 3(1): 041-045. DOI: 10.17352/ojps.000014.

Hadi, B. H., Hassan, W. A., Hamdalla, M. S. H. 2021. Some Genetic Parameters and Path Coefficient of Three-Way Crosses in Maize. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 910(1), 012099. https://doi.org/10.1088/17551315/910/1/012099.

Hikmah, L. M. K., Sudika, I W., Yakop, U. M., Sutresna, I W., Anugrahwati, D. R. 2023. Perubahan Sifat Akibat Silang Diri pada Generasi S1 Populasi Tanaman Jagung (Zea Mays L.) di Lahan Kering. AGROTEKSOS, 33(2): 634-640. https://doi.org/10.29303/agroteksos.v33i2.905.

Jaya, I K. D., Sudirman, Sudika, I W. 2019. Light Interception and Yield of Some Maize Varieties Grown in a Double-row Pattern Under Different Urea Applications. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Evironmental Science.346 012071.

https://doi.org/10.1088/17551315/346/1/012071.

Kamal, N., Khanum, S., Siddique, M., Farooq A. M. 2020. Phenotypic Correlation Coefficient Studies to Determine Interrelationships among Grain Yield and Related Characters in Maize. Haya: The Saudi Journal of Life Sciences, 5(6), 113–116. https://doi.org/10.36348/sjls.2020.v05i06.005.

Kandel, B.P., Sharma, B.K., Sharma, S., Shrestha, J. 2018. Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance estimates in maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes in Nepal. Agricultura 3-4: 29-35.: DOI: 10.15835/agrisp.v107i3-4.13058

Khan, S., Mahmud, F. 2021. Genetic Variability and Character Association of Yield Components in Maize (Zea mays L.). American Journal of Plant Sciences Vol.12 (11): 1691-1704. DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2021.1211118

Lamichhane, S., Adhikari, N.R., Bishwas, K.C., Thapa, S. 2021. Estimating variability, heritability, and genetic advance of rice genotypes in mid-hills of Nepal. Indonesian J Agric Sci 22 (2): 92-101. DOI:10.21082/ijas.v22n2.2021.p92-101.

Li, H., Lv, G., Jiang, L., Wang, J. 2021. Scale Change and Correlation of Plant Functional Characteristics in the Desert Community of Ebinur Lake. Sustainability, 13(9), 4983. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13094983.

Rachman, F., Trikoesoemaningtyas, Wirnas, D., Reflinur. 2022. Estimation of genetic parameters and heterosis through line × tester crosses of national sorghum varieties and local Indonesian cultivars. Biodiversitas 23(3): 1588-1597. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230349.

Rai, R., Khanal, P., Chaudhary, P., Dhital, R. 2021. Genetic variability heritability and genetic advance for growth, yield and yield related traits in maize genotypes. J Agric Appl Biol 2 (2): 96-104. DOI: 10.11594/jaab.02.02.04.

Ritonga, A.W., Sulistyowati, D., Budiman, C., Zamzami, A., Permatasari, O.S.I. 2023. Evaluasi keragaman genetik berbagai galur murni jagung manis untuk Penentuan tetua hibrida. Jurnal AGRO vol. 10 (1): 68-82. https://doi.org/10.15575/22932

Sadimantara, G.R., Yusuf, D.N., Febrianti, E., Leomo, S., Muhidin. 2021. The performance of agronomic traits, genetic variability, and correlation studies for yield and its components in some red rice (Oryza sativa) promising lines. Biodiversitas 22(9): 3994-4001. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220947.

Sudika, I W., Soemeinaboedhy, I N. 2020. Respon Seleksi Indeks Dasar pada Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) di Lahan Kering. Jurnal Sains Teknologi & Lingkugan. Vol. 6 (2): 169 – 181. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29303/jstl.v6i2.171.

Sudika, I W., Sutresna, I W., Anugrahwati, D. R. 2022. Estimation of Genetic Variance and Heritability of F2 Populations of Corn Plants in Dry Land. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 8(SpecialIssue), 117–123. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v8iSpecialIssue.2481

Sudika, I W., Soemeinaboedhy, I N., I W. Sutresna 2023a. Genetic diversity and gain quantitative characters of maize from index-based selection at two dry lands in Lombok, Indonesia. Biodiversitas Vol 24 (1): 11-19. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240102.

Sudika, I W., Sutresna, I W., Anugrahwati, D.R., Suliartini, W. S. 2023b. Evaluasi Galur S1 dan S2 Hasil Silang Dalam Populasi F2 Tanaman Jagung di Lahan Kering. In Laporan Hasil Penelitian. Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Universitas Mataram, Mataram.

Sudika, I W., Sutresna, I W. Anugrahwati, D.R., Suliartini, S.N. W., Suana, I W. 2024. Inbreeding Depression and Genetic Diversity of S1 Lines Corn Plants Under Drought Stress Conditionson Dry Land. JPPIPA vol. 10 (4): 1579-1585. DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v10i4.6206.

Taber, K. S. 2018. The Use of Cronbach’s Alpha When Developing and Reporting Research Instruments in Science Education. Research in Science Education, 48(6), 1273–1296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-016-9602-2.

Ujianto, L., Muliarta, A, Sudharmawan, A.A., Sudika, I W. 2020. Teknik Analisis dan Rancangan Persilangan (Buku Ajar). Mataram University Press, Mataram.

Wulan, P.N.W. Yulianah, I., Damanhuri. 2017. Penurunan ketegaran (inbreeding depression) pada generasi F1, S1 dan S2 populasi tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.). Jurnal Produksi Tanaman Vol. 5 (3): 521-530. http://protan.studentjournal.ub.ac.id/index.php/protan/issue/view/37.