Rancang Bangun Sistem Pendingin Air Nutrisi Berbasis Peltier untuk Optimasi Pertumbuhan Tanaman Hidroponik

Oki Saputra; Sirajuddin H.  Abdullah; Joko Sumarsono; Asih  Priyati; Gagassage Nanaluih  de Side; Guyup Mahardhian Dwi  Putra; Diah Ajeng  Setiawati; Wenny  Amaliah; Endang Purnama  Dewi; Reza Kusuma  Nurrohman; Muhammad Ilham  Zamzami; Nurwan  Sani

doi:10.29303/jstl.v11i2.856

Authors

Oki Saputra Program Studi Teknik Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pangan dan Agroindustri, Universitas Mataram
Sirajuddin H. Abdullah Program Studi Teknik Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pangan dan Agroindustri, Universitas Mataram
Joko Sumarsono Program Studi Teknik Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pangan dan Agroindustri, Universitas Mataram
Asih Priyati Program Studi Teknik Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pangan dan Agroindustri, Universitas Mataram
Gagassage Nanaluih de Side Program Studi Teknik Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pangan dan Agroindustri, Universitas Mataram
Guyup Mahardhian Dwi Putra Program Studi Teknik Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pangan dan Agroindustri, Universitas Mataram
Diah Ajeng Setiawati Program Studi Teknik Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pangan dan Agroindustri, Universitas Mataram
Wenny Amaliah Program Studi Teknik Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pangan dan Agroindustri, Universitas Mataram
Endang Purnama Dewi Program Studi Teknik Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pangan dan Agroindustri, Universitas Mataram
Reza Kusuma Nurrohman Program Studi Teknik Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pangan dan Agroindustri, Universitas Mataram
Muhammad Ilham Zamzami Program Studi Teknik Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pangan dan Agroindustri, Universitas Mataram
Nurwan Sani Program Studi Teknik Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pangan dan Agroindustri, Universitas Mataram

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29303/jstl.v11i2.856

Keywords:

cooling system, nutrient chiller, TEC1-12706, vertical hydroponics, timer control, Peltier module

Abstract

High ambient temperatures inside tropical greenhouses can significantly raise nutrient solution temperatures in vertical hydroponic systems, disrupting nutrient uptake and reducing plant productivity. This study focuses on the design and development of a nutrient cooling system (chiller) using two TEC1-12706 thermoelectric modules (Peltier) arranged in series to enhance heat dissipation performance. The nutrient solution is pumped from the reservoir to the cooling chamber using a 12 V DC pump and recirculated in a closed-loop configuration. The chiller system is fully automated, controlled by two DH48S digital timers operating simultaneously: one activates Peltier 1, while the other controls Peltier 2 via the NC output (5 minutes) and the pump via the NO output (30 seconds), enabling alternating programmed cooling and circulation. The entire chiller unit is active only from 08:00 to 18:00 WITA using a KG316T programmable timer, corresponding to peak thermal stress hours inside the greenhouse. Results showed that despite greenhouse temperatures reaching up to 39.4 °C with relative humidity dropping to 47.6%, the chiller system maintained nutrient solution temperatures within the optimal 27–30 °C range. This design proved effective in reducing and stabilizing nutrient temperature under high heat microclimates. With its simple, automated, and energy-efficient architecture, the chiller system offers a promising solution for small-scale vertical hydroponics and greenhouse-based urban farming in tropical regions.

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