Pengaruh Suhu Ekstrusi dan Komposisi terhadap Karakteristik Filamen Biokomposit PLA/Hidroksiapatit untuk Aplikasi Ortopedi Berbasis 3D Printing

M. Mukaddam Alaydrus; Wahyudin; Susi Rahayu; Dyah Purnaning; Maz Isa A.A; Muh. As’ad Hamzah; Hurnah; Ahmad Taufik S

doi:10.29303/jstl.v12i2.1012

Authors

M. Mukaddam Alaydrus Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Mataram
Wahyudin Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Mataram
Susi Rahayu Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Mataram
Dyah Purnaning Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Mataram
Maz Isa A.A Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Mataram
Muh. As’ad Hamzah Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Mataram
Hurnah Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Mataram
Ahmad Taufik S Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Mataram

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29303/jstl.v12i2.1012

Keywords:

3D printing, PLA/hydroxyapatite, biocomposite filament, extrusion temperature, orthopedic biomaterial

Abstract

Fused deposition modeling-based 3D printing requires biomaterial filaments with stable dimensions, uniform surface texture, and adequate mechanical properties for orthopedic applications. This study examined the effects of extrusion temperature and PLA/hydroxyapatite composition on the characteristics of biocomposite filaments. Hydroxyapatite was synthesized from Pinctada maxima pearl shell waste through wet precipitation, mixed with PLA, and processed using a single-screw extruder. PLA extrusion temperatures were varied at 120, 125, 130, and 135°C, while PLA/hydroxyapatite compositions were 100:0, 95:5, 90:10, and 85:15. The results showed that increasing temperature improved surface texture and diameter stability; 135°C produced the smoothest filament surface with a diameter of 2.080 mm, whereas the highest mechanical properties of PLA were obtained at 130°C. In the biocomposite filaments, all diameters remained within the standard range for 3D printing. The PLA/hydroxyapatite 90:10 composition showed the best performance, with a density of 1.470 g/cm³, tensile strength of 4.692 MPa, elastic modulus of 1426.500 MPa, and elongation of 0.173 mm. Adding 15% hydroxyapatite reduced quality due to particle agglomeration. Further validation is required.

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